Heinrichs department of entomology, international rice research institute, po box 933, manila, philippines abstract. Population dynamics, forecasting and control of the green rice leafhopper, nephotettix cincticeps uhler. Comparison of dispersal ability between the green leafhoppers. In the big cages, the insects had free access to all the. Many of the insects depicted on these pages are outwardly similar and you should not use photographs as the sole means of. Pdf feeding behavior of nephotettix virescens homoptera. Population characteristics and tungro transmission by nephotettix. Russula virescens is a basidiomycete mushroom of the genus russula, and is commonly known as the greencracking russula, the quilted green russula, or the green brittlegill. Rtsv by feeding nephotettix virescens, which had fed on plants infected or 16 hr. The green rice leafhopper grh, nephotettix cincticeps uhler is a serious insect pest of rice oryza sativa l. A clade of international rice research institute irribred varieties and breeding lines, without identified leafhopperresistance genes, were highly resistant to the green leafhopper, nephotettix virescens. Insects free fulltext preliminary investigation of. Read this article to know about spotted jassid nephotettix virescens and life history, nature and distribution.
The seven previously known species and one subspecies of nephotettix are redefined, namely, n. The manipulation and encouragement of predators and parasitoids is likely to be of considerable importance in most countries where tungro disease is important. Transgenic rice plants expressing snowdrop lectin galanthus nivalis agglutinin. Resistance to green leafhopper nephotettix virescens and brown. Genetic basis of multiple resistance to the brown planthopper. Correlation of resistance to the green leafhopper, nephotettix. Effects of tungro virusinfected rice plants on the behavior and biology of the vector nephotettix virescens distant were investigated. Biotechnological prospects for engineering insectresistant. The production of transgenic insectresistant plants, and their continuing development, has been a major scientific success, mirrored by the practical success of a limited number of pestresistant genetically modified crops in some countries. Gna were screened for resistance to green leafhopper nephotettix virescens. Relations of rice tungro bacilliform and rice tungro. Tethered flight activity of nephotettix virescens hemiptera. Biochemical analysis of 4 rice varieties and a weed showed that the total free amino acid content was greater in the susceptible variety tn 1 than in ptb 2, ptb 7 and ptb 18 which are resistant to both the species of green leafhoppers.
Ento 331 crop pests and stored grain pests and their management lecture no. Integrated pest management ipm programmes for the control of n. Pdf the feeding behavior of nephotettix virescens distant on rice varieties with different levels of. Cicadellidae, occasionally damages rice in asia either directly. Hence, there is a high demand for biological control agents of rice hoppers. Dynamical roguing model for controlling the spread of tungro virus via nephotettix virescens in a rice field article pdf available in journal of physics conference series 8931. The mode of inheritance of resistance to green leafhopper in 12 cultivars of riceoryza saliva l. Rice green leafhopper nephotettix virescens distant populations were collected in 1985 from fields planted with a leafhopper resistant rice, oryza sativa. Behavior and biology of nephotettix virescens homoptera. These insects are severe pests in asia figure 8 where they not only cause direct damage, by removing plant sap, but are also vectors of serious rice virus diseases, such as rice tungro virus transmitted by the green leafhopper, nephotettix virescens, and grassy stunt virus transmitted by the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. Nephotettix virescens is the most e cient leafhopper that transmits tungro viruses because of its close biological relationship with irrigated rice. Crop protection 1982 1 1, 9198 1982 butterworths plant age and levels of resistance to green leafhopper, nephotettix virescens distant, and tungro virus in rice varieties h. Infectivity neutralization of rice tungroassociated viruses.
Later, tungro was recognized as a composite disease caused by a small bacilliform virus and a polyhedral virus 1,1 1, 18, 19,23. Here, we analyzed multiple genetic resistance to bph and the green. When the tn1maintained colony was tested at the third generation, its feeding behaviour and tungro transmission rates on test cultivars were similar to those of the original population but. Resistance to green leafhopper nephotettix virescens and brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens in transgenic rice expressing snowdrop lectin galanthus nivalis. Resistance to green leafhopper nephotettix virescens and brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens in transgenic rice expressing snowdrop lectin galanthus nivalis agglutinin. Species account nephotettix virescens distant 1908g. Population characteristics and tungro transmission by. Pdf dynamical roguing model for controlling the spread of. Degradation of chlorpyrifos in tropical rice soils.
Ongoing intensification of rice production systems in southeast asia is causing devastating yield losses each year due to rice hoppers. Routine phenotyping during breeding programs likely maintains high levels of quantitative resistance to leafhoppers. A new gene for resistance to green leafhopper nephotettix. Review of the grassland leafhopper genus nephotettix matsumura hemiptera. Seedling reaction was scored when tni, the susceptible check, was completely killed. Tungroinfected plants had a significantly higher free sugar content but soluble protein.
Host specificity of rice green leafhoppers, nephotettix virescens. Revision of the genus nephotettix matsumura homoptera. Help pages, faqs, uniprotkb manual, documents, news archive and biocuration projects. Four resistance alleles derived from oryza longistaminata a. Rice tungro disease is transmitted in a semipersistent manner, that is, the viruses stay in the mouth of the vector for a short period of time. Virescens is a narrow pyramidal tree with ascending branches. Rtd is caused by rice tungro bacilliform virus rtbv and rice tungro spherical virus rtsv. In feeding studies on the green leaf hopper, nephotettix virescens, on rice white spots were produced when feeding on resistant varieties on which the leaf hoppers could not survive auclair, baldos and heinrichs, 1982. Survival was reduced by 29% and 53% p nephotettix cincticeps uhler. General information about nephotettix virescens nephim eppo global database. Inoue 1986 tested nymphal survival on 15 grass species genera and no adults emerged except from those nymphs reared on rice. Nov 21, 2019 feeding behaviour of nephotettix virescens distant, a vector of tungro virus on rice varieties with different level of resistance.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Intensive host range studies comprising of 55 common weeds and eight cultivated plant species indicated thatnephotettix virescens could survive and breed. Nephotettix virescens nephimoverview eppo global database. It grows somewhat rapidly to 2 per year, typically rising over time to 2030 tall with a spread of 912 wide. Responses and adaptation by n ephotettix virescens to monogenic. Seedlings of parent and hybrid populations were artificially infested with second and thirdinstar virus free green leafhopper nymphs. Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and leafhopper nephotettix virescens mallick et al. Pdf dynamical roguing model for controlling the spread.
Nephotettix virescens were transferred and maintained on tn1, ir26, ir36, ir64, or a mixture of the four cultivars plus ir54 and ir56 in equal proportion. Glossy, dark green foliage holds good green color year round without bronzing in winter. Leersia hexandra, a weed host of the rice brown planthopper. Wild oryza species are the main source of resistance to insects. Resistance to green leafhopper nephotettix virescens and. The results revealed that single dominant genes confer resistance.
Nilaparvata lugens stal and the green leafhopper nephotettix virescens distant. Management of rice insect pests radcliffes ipm world textbook. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Their continuing development of immunity to resistant rice varieties and pesticide applications further complicates this problem. Levels of resistance to the green leafhopper, nephotettix virescens, a tungro virus vector in seven. The degree of predation of leafhopper by lycosa pseudoannulata and cyrtorhinus lividipennis was the same on all varieties, regardless of the level of varietal resistance to n. Pdf accurate and rapid diagnosis of taxa, is of crucial importance to. It can be recognized by its distinctive pale green cap that measures up to 15 cm 6 in in diameter, the surface of which is covered with darker green angular patches. Genetic analysis of resistance to green leafhopper. In a choice test, tungroinfected plants attracted significantly more n. However, the weed leersia hexandra the most suitable host ofnephotettix nigropictus, had the lowest amount of free amino acids.
Dispersal propensity of green leafhoppers was compared between a tropical species,nephotettix virescens, and a temperate species,n. Bulletin of kyushu agricultural experimental station, 16. Abstract the green leafhopper, nephotettix virescens distant hemiptera. Oct 29, 2008 read effect of botanicals on the population dynamics ofnephotettix virescens, rice tungro disease incidence and yield of rice, phytoparasitica on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Pdf rixce varietal resistance to the green leafhopper in asia. Candidatus phytoplasma oryzae, a novel phytoplasma taxon. Pdf molecular phylogeny and genetic analysis of green. Plant age and levels of resistance to green leafhopper. Pdf virulence of 15 philippine cultures of green leafhopper. In the females of micrommata virescens the body length can reach 1216 millimetres 0.
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